Retain if present. Can be used as part of a screen in a dry site setting.

Wildflower garden.

Water gardens and pond edges.  Moist wildflower gardens.

Moist wildflower garden.

There are two subspecies in Florida with somewhat different but overlapping distributions. Culture and uses in the landscape are similar. It is best to use local sources. Small wildflower. Typically seen in spring or after rain. Grows in small tufts. Plant in low border on intermixed with a groundcover. Inconspicuous when not in bloom. Individual plants are short-lived perennials, but clumps persist for many years.

Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray

Natural range is restricted to coastal areas. Native borders, foundation plant, especially in salty environments. Can be trimmed.

Wildflower garden, meadow.

Small wildflower in moist areas.

Meadow or wildflower garden.

Given that this is short-lived (biennial) and difficult to transplant or grow from seed, this is perhaps best encouraged in places where it grows naturally.  Minimizing competition from other plants, and perhaps burning the garden area, may be useful.  This plant appears to have a seedbank with seeds that may sprout over an extended period of years if conditions are right. The range of this plant in Florida appears to be disjunct though how much of this is due to site conditions and how much could be an artifact of forestry practices is unknown. Wildflower garden where it can be used as a specimen plant.

This is a primitive plant that produces spores. Typically grown as a curiosity in a shade garden or as an epiphyte. Sometimes grown as a container plant.

Wildflower garden. Mass plantings.

Retain if present in natural setting. Can be grown in a wildflower garden.

Don't confuse this native with its invasive relatives: taro (Colocasia esculenta) and malanga (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), which have been widely planted as crops and/or ornamentals in Florida. Use in a water garden.

Despite the appearance of the county-based range map, the actual range is limited to the coastal areas. Wildflower garden. Groundcover.

Relatively small for an oak. Use as specimen tree or in a grove.

These are generally moist site ferns though some (T. kunthii, T. ovata) grow in mesic uplands. Most are similar in appearance, and all will grow in a moist, shady garden setting. Most are adaptable and easy to grow. Groundcover recommended for natural landscapes and habitat restoration.

Further north, this can be a moderately large tree. Not typically grown but worth retaining if present as an understory tree.

This species can be distinguished from related non-natives by its trailing stems and lance-shaped leaves. Stachytarpheta urticifolia, commonly sold by non-native nurseries, is native to tropical Asia. It has an erect growth habit. Groundcover or in a meadow.

The range of this species is primarily the coastal plain from Texas to North Carolina. A second subspecies (subsp. greenmanii) occurs in the Florida Panhandle where it is endemic and state Endangered Bog gardens, rain gardens, restoration areas.