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South Of Lake O Coastal Areas And The Keys Butterflies Clear all
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Woodwardia areolata
This colony-forming fern is well-behaved in the landscape. Use as a groundcover in moist areas, rain gardens, or bioswales. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Considertions, It grows best in drier areas if there is some shade. In full sun, it requires reliable moisture. , Wildlife, Provides cover for small wildlife such as toads. , Habitat, Dome swamp, hydric hammock, seep slopes over limestone, hydric pine flatwoods. , Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
  • Edible, healthy fruit
  • Unusual deep green leaves with bronze underside
  • Excellent small hedge
  • Moderately slow growth
  • Elegant and stately
  • Compact size
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Coccoloba diversifolia
Shade tree.  Narrow crown is said to make it a good choice for avenues, narrow entryways, and areas between houses.  Can be used as a large container , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray. , Wildlife, Fruits are used by birds and other wildlife. , Habitat, Coastal uplands , Did You Know?, Interesting bark, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance Nectar plant for large orange sulphur (Phoebis agarithe), Schaus' swal
  • Elegant and compact
  • Cornerstone plant in South Florida
  • Deciduous
  • Beautiful purple-brown crownshaft
  • Unique, sweet, almond-like flavor
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Dalea feayi
Foliage has a strong minty smell. Dry wildflower garden. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Wildlife, Some birds consume consume the seeds . , Habitat, Scrub, scrubby flatwoods. , Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Showy flowers Larval host for southern dogface (Zerene cesonia). Attracts pollinators, especially bees.  Documented native bees inc
  • Bright red fruits
  • Long-lived perennial
  • Delicious edible fruit
Scrub Prairie Clover
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Spartina bakeri
Large clump-forming grass with uses as tall groundcover, specimen plant, or border plant. Nice along edges of ponds and water features. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure to salt spray wo , Habitat, Wet prairie, edges of marshes, but mostly inland--rarely coastal. , Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
  • Magnificent
  • Adequate moisture required
  • Requires protection from strong winds
  • Beloved in South Florida
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Chrysophyllum oliviforme
Specimen tree. Valued for its foliage which is shiny green on top and silky brown beneath. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray. , Considertions, Slow growing. May be top-killed by frost in extreme northern parts of its range or when planted to the north of its natural range.  Does resprout from , Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume fruit. , Habitat, Tropical rockland hammocks. , Did You Know?, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance Insect pollinated.
  • Requires high humidity
  • Fruit attracts wildlife
  • Very showy clusters of flowers
  • Readily pruned into attractive shapes
  • Killed by citrus greening (HLB)
  • Recently classified invasive
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Vallesia antillana
It is listed as endangered by the state of Florida and as critically imperiled in South Florida by The Institute for Regional Conservation. Specimen , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Habitat, Tropical rockland hammock, coastal rock barren, beach dune, coastal strand. Lower Keys only. , Did You Know?, Showy fruits, Interesting foliage
  • Lush, dense shade tree
  • Beloved in South Florida
  • Deciduous
  • Highly wind tolerant
  • Highly salt tolerant
  • Underutilized
Tearshrub
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Nolina brittoniana
This is listed by the USFWS as Endangered and may require landowner permission and/or permits to transplant. Please do not disturb this species unless , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Habitat, Scrub, sandhilll. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Showy fruits The following Hymenoptera families and species were observed visiting flowers of Nolina brittoniana at Archbold Biologica
  • Excellent choice for narrow spaces
  • Dark green leaves
  • Unique, stout pineapple-like trunk when young
Britton's Beargrass
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Sporobolus virginicus
Useful in coastal restoration or retained along a coastal shoreline for stabilization. Salt marsh coastal stabilizer. Low dune stabilizer. Groundcove , Tolerance, Tolerant of frequent or regular inundation (usually areas with tidal inundation) High. Can tolerate significant and ongoing amounts of salty wind and , Habitat, Dunes, salt marshes, disturbed saline areas.
  • Massive, nutrient-dense edible fruit
  • Showy clusters orange-yellow fruits in spring
  • Year-round blooms
  • Beautiful pinwheel flowers, often multicolored
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Eugenia foetida
Used as a foundation or hedge plant. Large shrub to small tree. Can also be used as a specimen plant. , Tolerance, Tolerant of occasional/brief inundation such as can occur in storm surges. Moderate. Tolerant of salty wind and may get some salt spray. Exposure t , Wildlife, Birds and other wildlife consume fruit. Provides good cover. , Habitat, Coastal hammocks, hammocks. , Did You Know?, Aroma, fragrance, Interesting foliage, Hurricane wind resistance Attracts pollinators.
  • Swollen, succulent branches
  • Produces aromatic flowers year-round
  • Somewhat salt tolerant
  • Tall and stately
  • Pyramidal crown
  • Bright red fruits
Boxleaf Stopper
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Telmatoblechnum serrulatum
This is one of the most common ferns in central-southern Florida and potentially one of the most beautiful. Ground cover for moist, shady sites. Also , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Considertions, Will spread unless contained by physical or environmental limits. Periodic removal of old fronds is recommended. , Habitat, Marshes, swamps , Did You Know?, Interesting foliage
  • Unique swollen blue-green to silver trunk
  • Requires high humidity
  • Tropical silhouette
  • Unique foliage
  • Beautiful purple-brown crownshaft
  • Moderately drought tolerant
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Sagittaria latifolia
Is being replaced  by S. lancifolia in Louisiana where there is salt water intrusion into wetlands.  Apparently much less salt tolerant that S. lancif , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Wildlife, Birds are attracted to the fruits. , Habitat, Marshes, wetter portions of wet prairies, swamps. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage Attracts insect pollinators.
  • Unique swollen blue-green to silver trunk
  • Elegant appearance
  • Self-shedding fronds
  • Prominant olive crownshaft
  • Prized scent, used in commercial perfumes
Common Arrowhead
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Vernonia gigantea
The genus name honors the English botanist William Vernon, who did fieldwork in North America. Back of a moist wildflower garden. Can also use on the , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray. , Habitat, Exposed sand and gravel bars of streams during low water, stream banks, hydric to wet mesic pine flatwoods. Rich soils. Ruderal. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers Nectar attracts butterflies and native beens.  Larval host for spring azure butterfly.
  • Colorful new leafs
  • Rare, despite being a South Florida native
  • Beautiful rounded dense canopy
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Delphinium carolinianum
This species is more common in adjacent states and occurs broadly in mid-western prairies.  Its range barely makes it into Florida.   The southern end , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray. , Habitat, Prairies, rocky glades , Did You Know?, Showy flowers
  • Formal, old-world appearance
  • Prominant gray-olive crownshaft
  • Unusually shaped, asymmetrical tree
  • Requires ample space and light
  • Showy red berries
Prairie Larkspur
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Hibiscus poeppigii
Predominantly grown as a curiosity in the Florida Keys. Wildflower gardens. Hammock restoration. , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Wildlife, Attracts hummingbirds. , Habitat, Edges of rockland hammocks. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers Larval host of  Gray Hairstreak, Painted Lady Butterfly, Common Checkered Skipper and Tropical Checkered Skipper butterflies and  four
  • Attractive shade tree
  • Decorative diamond-shaped trunk pattern
  • Beautiful rounded dense canopy
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Cercis canadensis
Bloom can be long lasting relative to other early spring blooming trees -- as long as a month. Duration is dependent on temperature. Flowers grow dire , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Considertions, At the extreme south end of its range, it may not bloom well. The wood is weak and is likely to break off during a high wind event unless grouped with , Habitat, Upland hardwood forests. Bluffs, hammocks, secondary woods. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage Larval host for Henry's elfin (Callophrys henrici) and io moth (Automeris io). Popular with bees including bumbleb
  • Highly versatile
  • Ideal with Mediterranean architecture
  • Ideal for smaller spaces
  • Unique foliage and silhouette
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Vigna lutea
Range includes areas usually relatively near the coast in Southeastern United States west to Texas, north to North Carolina, and south to the Monroe C , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray. , Considertions, Tends to be weedy in behavior and appearance. , Wildlife, Likely used as forage by species such as deer.  Good cover. , Habitat, Coastal areas, flatwoods, disturbed areas. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers Larval host for cassius blue (Leptotes cassius), dorantes longtail (Urbanus dorantes), gray hairstreak (Strymon melinus), and long-tail
  • Showy creamy white flowers
  • Unique purple-brown crownshaft
  • Stunning long emerald crownshaft
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Coreopsis floridana
This is one of our larger (taller and larger flowers) Coreopsis species. Useful as a colorful wildflower along the edge of a wetland. Often overlooke , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Habitat, Wet prairie, herbaceous seepage areas, wet roadsides. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers Attracts many different butterflies and  pollinators.
  • Easily trimmed for smaller spaces
  • Narrow canopy
  • Stately and uncommon
  • Attractive dark green leaves
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Silene catesbaei
Rare and listed as endangered. Please obtain this plant only from reputable native plant nurseries or friends -- do not harvest from the wild. Little , Tolerance, Not salt tolerant of inundation by salty or brackish water. Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray , Habitat, Slope forest. On calcareous soils. , Did You Know?, Showy flowers Visited by small insects including bees but the specific pollinators are apparently not known.
  • Uniquely shaped with a muscular look
  • Showy reddish peeling bark
  • Produces aromatic flowers year-round
  • Available multi-stalked
  • Somewhat salt tolerant
  • Can be kept narrow