Needs substantial water during establishment, then relatively drought tolerant. Nodules on the roots of the plant, with the help of Rhizobium bacteria, fix nitrogen. Grow as a groundcover. Can be used as a turf replacement and can be mowed. Not good for heavy traffic. Tends not to have good cover during late fall through early spring.

This naturally occurring hybrid has become a landscaping favorite. Ilex x attenuata is a natural hybrid originally found growing in the wild in Florida.    It is a cross between I. cassine (dahoon) and I. opaca (American holly).  To the best of our knowledge, this holly was documented once in 1924, in Walton County.  It may no longer occur in nature. Specimen plant. Plant where its shiny green foliage and bright red fruits can be seen.

While occurring naturally in wetlands, this plant makes a good shrub in reasonably moist uplands. Use as a background plant in moist, shady areas. Charming when planted along a stream. Blooms are showy, longlasting. Has a tendency to produce suckers, so best planted where it can be contained.

Called pignut because pigs eat the nuts. Excellent specimen or shade tree in areas where its roots will not be disturbed.